Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering vegetation in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and known as after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is indigenous to the eastern aspect of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most species being within Cape Provinces. Varieties of the former genus Anomatheca are actually contained in Freesia. The crops often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped plants, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia varieties. Some other kinds are also produced as ornamental crops.
They are really herbaceous crops which develop from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which directs up a tuft of slim leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm extra tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of flowers with six tepals. Many types have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped plants, although those formerly placed in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have smooth flowers. Freesias are being used as food plant life by the larvae of some Lepidoptera kinds including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The crops usually called "freesias" derive from crosses manufactured in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these types and the pink- and yellow-flowered types of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blooms ranging from white to yellow, pink, red and blue-mauve. They are really mostly cultivated expertly in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be commonly increased from seed. Because of their specific and attractive scent, they are often used in hand ointments, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the flowers are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the fall in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature will not land below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the planting season in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other types of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it includes flat rather than cup-shaped bouquets. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the lights in proprietary solutions to satisfy cold dormancy which results in creation of buds inside a predicted volume of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous vegetation (in botanical use frequently simply herbal selections) are vegetation which have no consistent woody stem above surface. Herbaceous crops may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants pass away completely by the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, and they then develop again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial vegetation may have stems that die at the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant survive under or close to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they rose and die). New growth builds up from living tissue left over on or under the ground, including root base, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at walk out) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial plants are woody crops that have stems above floor that remain alive during the dormant season and grow shoots the next calendar year from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees, shrubs and vines.
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