Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plant life in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is indigenous to the eastern part of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most species being within Cape Provinces. Varieties of the past genus Anomatheca are actually included in Freesia. The crops commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blooms, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia kinds. Some other species are also produced as ornamental plant life.
These are herbaceous crops which develop from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which sends up a tuft of small leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of flowers with six tepals. Many varieties have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blooms, although those previously positioned in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have even flowers. Freesias are being used as food vegetation by the larvae of some Lepidoptera types including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plants usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses made in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these types and the red- and yellow-flowered forms of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have plants which range from white to yellow, green, red and blue-mauve. They are really mostly cultivated skillfully in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be conveniently increased from seed. Due to their specific and pleasing scent, they are often used in palm lotions, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blossoms are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the semester in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature does not fall below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other varieties of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, they have flat alternatively than cup-shaped flowers. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy frigid dormancy which results in development of buds within a predicted range of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plants (in botanical use frequently simply natural herbs) are vegetation that have no prolonged woody stem above surface. Herbaceous crops may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants die completely at the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, plus they then develop again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial crops may have stems that die by the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant endure under or near to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they flower and pass away). New progress advances from living tissue staying on or under the bottom, including origins, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at ground level) or various types of underground stems, such as lights, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial plants are woody plants which have stems above earth that stay alive during the dormant season and expand shoots the next time from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.
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