Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is indigenous to the eastern side of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most kinds being found in Cape Provinces. Types of the past genus Anomatheca are actually contained in Freesia. The plant life commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blooms, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia types. Some other varieties are also harvested as ornamental vegetation.
They may be herbaceous crops which develop from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which transmits up a tuft of narrow leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of bouquets with six tepals. Many species have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped plants, although those formerly positioned in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have flat flowers. Freesias are used as food crops by the larvae of some Lepidoptera kinds including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plants usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses made in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these kinds and the pink- and yellow-flowered forms of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have bouquets which range from white to yellow, pink, red and blue-mauve. They are mostly cultivated skillfully in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be conveniently increased from seed. Due to their specific and attractive scent, they are generally used in side products, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blossoms are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the show up in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature does not fall below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the planting season in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other species of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it offers flat somewhat than cup-shaped plants. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy frosty dormancy which results in development of buds within a predicted range of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply herbal selections) are plants that have no continual woody stem above ground. Herbaceous plants may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants expire completely by the end of the growing season or when they have flowered and fruited, plus they then expand again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial vegetation may have stems that pass away at the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant endure under or close to the ground from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they flower and pass away). New growth produces from living tissues staying on or under the ground, including root base, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at walk out) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial vegetation are woody vegetation which have stems above earth that stay alive during the dormant season and develop shoots the next season from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.
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