Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and named after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is indigenous to the eastern area of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most species being found in Cape Provinces. Varieties of the former genus Anomatheca are actually contained in Freesia. The crops commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blooms, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia varieties. Some other species are also expanded as ornamental plants.
They are simply herbaceous plants which grow from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which transmits up a tuft of narrow leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm extra tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of plants with six tepals. Many kinds have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped bouquets, although those formerly positioned in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have even flowers. Freesias are being used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera kinds including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plants usually called "freesias" derive from crosses manufactured in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these types and the red- and yellow-flowered types of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have flowers which range from white to yellow, green, red and blue-mauve. They can be mostly cultivated professionally in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be quickly increased from seed. Because of the specific and pleasing scent, they are often used in hand ointments, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the bouquets are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the fall in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature will not fall season below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the planting season in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other varieties of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it includes flat somewhat than cup-shaped flowers. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the lights in proprietary methods to satisfy chilly dormancy which results in creation of buds within a predicted range of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply natural herbs) are plants that have no consistent woody stem above earth. Herbaceous plant life may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants expire completely at the end of the growing season or when they have got flowered and fruited, plus they then expand again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plants may have stems that pass away at the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant endure under or near the bottom from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they blossom and die). New progress grows from living cells staying on or under the ground, including roots, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody vegetation that have stems above earth that stay alive during the dormant season and expand shoots the next yr from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.
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