Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plant life in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and named after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is indigenous to the eastern area of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most kinds being found in Cape Provinces. Types of the former genus Anomatheca are now contained in Freesia. The plants often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped bouquets, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia kinds. Some other species are also grown as ornamental crops.
They are simply herbaceous plant life which grow from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which sends up a tuft of narrow leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm high bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of bouquets with six tepals. Many species have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blooms, although those formerly placed in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have toned flowers. Freesias are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The crops usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses made in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these types and the red- and yellow-flowered types of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blossoms ranging from white to yellow, green, red and blue-mauve. They are mostly cultivated appropriately in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be commonly increased from seed. Because of their specific and attractive scent, they are often used in side creams, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the plants are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the fall in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature does not show up below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the springtime in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other species of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it has flat somewhat than cup-shaped plants. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary solutions to satisfy chilly dormancy which results in formation of buds within a predicted range of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plants (in botanical use frequently simply natural herbs) are plants which have no continual woody stem above surface. Herbaceous plant life may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants die completely by the end of the growing season or when they have flowered and fruited, and they then develop again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial vegetation may have stems that pass away at the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant endure under or near the ground from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they flower and die). New expansion advances from living cells left over on or under the ground, including roots, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at walk out) or various types of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial plants are woody vegetation that have stems above floor that continue to be alive during the dormant season and expand shoots another year from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.
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