Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering vegetation in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and named after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is local to the eastern aspect of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most species being found in Cape Provinces. Species of the former genus Anomatheca are now included in Freesia. The plant life often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blooms, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia types. Some other types are also expanded as ornamental crops.
They are simply herbaceous vegetation which expand from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which directs up a tuft of small leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blooms with six tepals. Many varieties have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blossoms, although those formerly placed in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have flat flowers. Freesias are being used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera varieties including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plant life usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses manufactured in the 19th hundred years between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these types and the pink- and yellow-flowered forms of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blooms which range from white to yellow, red, red and blue-mauve. These are mostly cultivated appropriately in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be readily increased from seed. Due to their specific and pleasing scent, they are often used in hands creams, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the plants are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the land in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature does not fall below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring and coil in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other types of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, they have flat rather than cup-shaped blooms. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy frosty dormancy which results in creation of buds in just a predicted number of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous vegetation (in botanical use frequently simply herbal selections) are vegetation which have no consistent woody stem above surface. Herbaceous vegetation may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants perish completely by the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, and they then expand again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plants may have stems that pass away at the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant survive under or close to the ground from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they rose and die). New expansion builds up from living cells remaining on or under the bottom, including origins, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at walk out) or various types of underground stems, such as lights, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial plant life are woody vegetation which have stems above ground that continue to be alive during the dormant season and expand shoots the next yr from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees, shrubs and vines.
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