Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering vegetation in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and known as after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is native to the eastern part of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most species being found in Cape Provinces. Kinds of the ex - genus Anomatheca are actually included in Freesia. The crops commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped plants, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia varieties. Some other varieties are also expanded as ornamental crops.
These are herbaceous crops which develop from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which delivers up a tuft of small leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm large bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of flowers with six tepals. Many varieties have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blooms, although those previously positioned in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have flat flowers. Freesias are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera types including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plants usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses manufactured in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these varieties and the red- and yellow-flowered forms of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blossoms which range from white to yellowish, green, red and blue-mauve. They are really mostly cultivated professionally in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be readily increased from seed. Because of the specific and pleasing scent, they are often used in hands products, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blossoms are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the fall season in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature will not land below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring and coil in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other types of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it offers flat alternatively than cup-shaped plants. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the lights in proprietary methods to satisfy chilly dormancy which results in development of buds in just a predicted variety of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply natural remedies) are crops which may have no prolonged woody stem above earth. Herbaceous plant life may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants die completely by the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, plus they then increase again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial crops may have stems that pass away at the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant survive under or near to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they blossom and die). New growth evolves from living tissues left over on or under the ground, including root base, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at ground level) or various types of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial plants are woody plants which have stems above earth that continue to be alive through the dormant season and expand shoots another yr from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.
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