Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering vegetation in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is native to the eastern aspect of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most species being within Cape Provinces. Varieties of the former genus Anomatheca are now contained in Freesia. The plant life often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blooms, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia varieties. Some other kinds are also expanded as ornamental crops.
They are herbaceous plant life which expand from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which directs up a tuft of small leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blooms with six tepals. Many types have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blossoms, although those previously placed in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have toned flowers. Freesias are used as food crops by the larvae of some Lepidoptera kinds including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The vegetation usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses made in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these varieties and the red- and yellow-flowered types of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have plants ranging from white to yellowish, pink, red and blue-mauve. They are simply mostly cultivated appropriately in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be readily increased from seed. Due to their specific and satisfying scent, they are often used in palm creams, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the plants are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the fall in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature does not land below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other species of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it has flat alternatively than cup-shaped flowers. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy frigid dormancy which results in formation of buds within the predicted volume of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply natural remedies) are vegetation that have no consistent woody stem above ground. Herbaceous crops may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants die completely by the end of the growing season or when they have flowered and fruited, plus they then develop again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plants may have stems that pass away by the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant survive under or near the ground from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they rose and expire). New expansion grows from living cells remaining on or under the bottom, including roots, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody crops which have stems above earth that stay alive during the dormant season and expand shoots another year from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.
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