Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering crops in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and known as after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is native to the eastern part of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most kinds being within Cape Provinces. Varieties of the former genus Anomatheca are actually included in Freesia. The crops often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped flowers, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia kinds. Some other kinds are also harvested as ornamental plant life.
They are herbaceous vegetation which grow from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which sends up a tuft of narrow leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of flowers with six tepals. Many kinds have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blooms, although those formerly positioned in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have flat flowers. Freesias are being used as food crops by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The vegetation usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses made in the 19th hundred years between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these kinds and the green- and yellow-flowered types of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have bouquets which range from white to yellowish, green, red and blue-mauve. These are mostly cultivated skillfully in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be commonly increased from seed. Because of the specific and desirable scent, they are often used in hand products, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the flowers are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the fall in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature does not land below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the springtime in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other types of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it includes flat alternatively than cup-shaped blossoms. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the lights in proprietary solutions to satisfy cool dormancy which results in creation of buds inside a predicted variety of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply herbal remedies) are crops that contain no prolonged woody stem above surface. Herbaceous crops may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants pass away completely by the end of the growing season or when they have flowered and fruited, plus they then develop again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plant life may have stems that pass away at the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant endure under or near the ground from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they rose and perish). New progress advances from living tissue remaining on or under the ground, including origins, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as lights, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial vegetation are woody plant life that have stems above ground that continue to be alive through the dormant season and develop shoots another calendar year from the above-ground parts - these include trees, shrubs and vines.
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