Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering crops in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is native to the eastern aspect of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most species being found in Cape Provinces. Kinds of the former genus Anomatheca are now included in Freesia. The plant life commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped plants, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia varieties. Some other kinds are also expanded as ornamental plants.
They may be herbaceous plants which develop from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which delivers up a tuft of thin leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm high bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blossoms with six tepals. Many varieties have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped plants, although those formerly located in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have toned flowers. Freesias are being used as food crops by the larvae of some Lepidoptera kinds including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The crops usually called "freesias" derive from crosses made in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these varieties and the green- and yellow-flowered forms of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have bouquets which range from white to yellow, green, red and blue-mauve. They can be mostly cultivated properly in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be readily increased from seed. Due to their specific and attractive scent, they are often used in palm creams, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the plants are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the land in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature does not fall season below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the springtime in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other kinds of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, they have flat alternatively than cup-shaped bouquets. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy cold dormancy which results in formation of buds inside a predicted volume of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous vegetation (in botanical use frequently simply herbal remedies) are plant life that contain no continual woody stem above earth. Herbaceous vegetation may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants die completely by the end of the growing season or when they have got flowered and fruited, plus they then expand again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plants may have stems that pass away by the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant endure under or near to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they blossom and die). New progress evolves from living tissues left over on or under the bottom, including root base, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at ground level) or various types of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody vegetation that have stems above earth that remain alive through the dormant season and expand shoots another time from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees, shrubs and vines.
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