Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering crops in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is native to the eastern area of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most types being found in Cape Provinces. Types of the ex - genus Anomatheca are now included in Freesia. The plant life commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped flowers, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia kinds. Some other species are also expanded as ornamental vegetation.
They can be herbaceous vegetation which grow from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which delivers up a tuft of thin leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm high bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of bouquets with six tepals. Many types have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped plants, although those formerly placed in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have toned flowers. Freesias are being used as food crops by the larvae of some Lepidoptera types including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plants usually called "freesias" derive from crosses made in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these kinds and the pink- and yellow-flowered varieties of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blooms ranging from white to yellow, red, red and blue-mauve. They may be mostly cultivated professionally in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be conveniently increased from seed. Because of the specific and desirable scent, they are generally used in side ointments, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blossoms are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the street to redemption in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature will not fall season below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other types of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it has flat rather than cup-shaped bouquets. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary solutions to satisfy cool dormancy which results in development of buds in a predicted volume of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plants (in botanical use frequently simply herbal remedies) are crops that have no prolonged woody stem above earth. Herbaceous crops may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants die completely at the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, plus they then develop again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plant life may have stems that die at the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant survive under or near to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they bloom and expire). New progress develops from living tissues remaining on or under the bottom, including root base, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at walk out) or various types of underground stems, such as lights, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody crops that have stems above earth that continue to be alive during the dormant season and increase shoots the next year from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees, shrubs and vines.
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