Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and known as after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is native to the eastern part of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most species being within Cape Provinces. Species of the former genus Anomatheca are now included in Freesia. The plant life commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped flowers, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia kinds. Some other kinds are also produced as ornamental crops.
They are simply herbaceous crops which develop from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which sends up a tuft of thin leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm high bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of bouquets with six tepals. Many species have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blooms, although those formerly placed in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have toned flowers. Freesias are used as food vegetation by the larvae of some Lepidoptera varieties including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plants usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses manufactured in the 19th hundred years between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these kinds and the pink- and yellow-flowered types of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have bouquets ranging from white to yellow, green, red and blue-mauve. They are mostly cultivated appropriately in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be commonly increased from seed. Because of their specific and attractive scent, they are often used in hand ointments, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the bouquets are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the fall season in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature does not land below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring and coil in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other species of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, they have flat alternatively than cup-shaped blossoms. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy cold dormancy which results in development of buds within the predicted number of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plants (in botanical use frequently simply herbal selections) are vegetation that have no persistent woody stem above earth. Herbaceous crops may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants die completely at the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, and they then expand again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plant life may have stems that die at the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant survive under or near the ground from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they rose and die). New progress produces from living cells remaining on or under the bottom, including root base, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at walk out) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial vegetation are woody plant life which have stems above floor that stay alive through the dormant season and grow shoots the next 12 months from the above-ground parts - these include trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.
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