Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and known as after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It really is indigenous to the eastern side of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most varieties being within Cape Provinces. Varieties of the previous genus Anomatheca are now included in Freesia. The plants commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blooms, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia types. Some other types are also grown as ornamental crops.
They may be herbaceous crops which expand from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which transmits up a tuft of narrow leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm high bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of plants with six tepals. Many kinds have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blossoms, although those previously positioned in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have flat flowers. Freesias are being used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera types including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The crops usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses made in the 19th hundred years between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these types and the green- and yellow-flowered kinds of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have flowers which range from white to yellowish, pink, red and blue-mauve. These are mostly cultivated properly in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be immediately increased from seed. Due to their specific and pleasing scent, they are often used in side ointments, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the plants are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the fall in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature does not fall below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring and coil in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other kinds of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it has flat alternatively than cup-shaped blooms. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy cool dormancy which results in creation of buds within the predicted range of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply herbal products) are plants that contain no prolonged woody stem above surface. Herbaceous crops may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants die completely by the end of the growing season or when they have got flowered and fruited, plus they then grow again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plants may have stems that pass away by the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant survive under or near to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they blossom and expire). New progress advances from living tissue staying on or under the ground, including root base, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody plants which have stems above surface that stay alive through the dormant season and increase shoots another time from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees, shrubs and vines.
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