Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and known as after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is local to the eastern part of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most types being found in Cape Provinces. Species of the previous genus Anomatheca are now included in Freesia. The plant life often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped bouquets, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia kinds. Some other species are also harvested as ornamental plants.
They are herbaceous crops which develop from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which delivers up a tuft of narrow leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm large bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of plants with six tepals. Many types have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped bouquets, although those previously put in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have even flowers. Freesias are used as food plant life by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The vegetation usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses manufactured in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these species and the pink- and yellow-flowered kinds of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have bouquets ranging from white to yellowish, pink, red and blue-mauve. They are mostly cultivated skillfully in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be immediately increased from seed. Due to their specific and desirable scent, they are often used in hands creams, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the bouquets are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the land in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature does not fall season below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the springtime in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other types of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it has flat alternatively than cup-shaped flowers. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy frosty dormancy which results in formation of buds inside a predicted variety of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous vegetation (in botanical use frequently simply natural herbs) are vegetation which may have no continual woody stem above earth. Herbaceous plant life may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants die completely by the end of the growing season or when they have flowered and fruited, and they then grow again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial vegetation may have stems that pass away at the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant make it through under or close to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they rose and die). New progress evolves from living tissues left over on or under the bottom, including roots, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody vegetation that have stems above surface that remain alive through the dormant season and develop shoots another calendar year from the above-ground parts - these include trees, shrubs and vines.
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