Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plant life in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is native to the eastern area of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most species being within Cape Provinces. Varieties of the past genus Anomatheca are actually included in Freesia. The crops commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blossoms, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia species. Some other species are also cultivated as ornamental vegetation.
They are really herbaceous plant life which grow from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which directs up a tuft of thin leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm large bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of bouquets with six tepals. Many types have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blooms, although those formerly positioned in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have toned flowers. Freesias are being used as food crops by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plant life usually called "freesias" derive from crosses manufactured in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these varieties and the green- and yellow-flowered forms of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have bouquets which range from white to yellowish, pink, red and blue-mauve. They are mostly cultivated expertly in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be readily increased from seed. Due to their specific and desirable scent, they are often used in side creams, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the bouquets are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the show up in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature will not show up below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the planting season in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other varieties of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it offers flat alternatively than cup-shaped blooms. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary solutions to satisfy cool dormancy which results in formation of buds within the predicted variety of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply herbal selections) are plant life that have no consistent woody stem above ground. Herbaceous plant life may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants expire completely at the end of the growing season or when they have flowered and fruited, and they then expand again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial crops may have stems that pass away by the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant survive under or near to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they flower and die). New progress advances from living tissues remaining on or under the bottom, including root base, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial vegetation are woody crops that have stems above surface that continue to be alive during the dormant season and expand shoots the next 12 months from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees, shrubs and vines.
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