Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering crops in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and named after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is local to the eastern part of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most kinds being found in Cape Provinces. Varieties of the past genus Anomatheca are now contained in Freesia. The plants commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped plants, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia kinds. Some other varieties are also expanded as ornamental vegetation.
They may be herbaceous crops which grow from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which directs up a tuft of thin leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm large bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of bouquets with six tepals. Many kinds have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped bouquets, although those formerly put in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have smooth flowers. Freesias are used as food vegetation by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plant life usually called "freesias" derive from crosses made in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these varieties and the green- and yellow-flowered kinds of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have plants ranging from white to yellowish, red, red and blue-mauve. They are really mostly cultivated properly in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be quickly increased from seed. Because of the specific and pleasing scent, they are often used in hand ointments, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the flowers are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the semester in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature does not fall below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other types of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it includes flat rather than cup-shaped blossoms. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy cool dormancy which results in development of buds in just a predicted volume of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plants (in botanical use frequently simply herbs) are plant life that have no consistent woody stem above surface. Herbaceous plant life may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants pass away completely at the end of the growing season or when they have flowered and fruited, and they then expand again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial vegetation may have stems that pass away at the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant survive under or near the ground from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they bloom and expire). New progress grows from living tissues left over on or under the bottom, including roots, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at ground level) or various types of underground stems, such as lights, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial plants are woody crops which have stems above earth that remain alive through the dormant season and grow shoots the next time from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees, shrubs and vines.
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