Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is local to the eastern area of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most kinds being within Cape Provinces. Species of the past genus Anomatheca are actually included in Freesia. The plant life commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped plants, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia kinds. Some other types are also harvested as ornamental plants.
These are herbaceous crops which increase from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which transmits up a tuft of slim leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm high bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blossoms with six tepals. Many species have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped flowers, although those previously located in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have flat flowers. Freesias are used as food plant life by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The vegetation usually called "freesias" derive from crosses made in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these species and the pink- and yellow-flowered forms of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have flowers ranging from white to yellowish, green, red and blue-mauve. They are simply mostly cultivated appropriately in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be readily increased from seed. Due to their specific and pleasing scent, they are generally used in hand ointments, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the flowers are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the fall in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature does not land below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the springtime in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other kinds of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it offers flat rather than cup-shaped bouquets. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy cold dormancy which results in creation of buds inside a predicted number of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plant life (in botanical use frequently simply herbal products) are crops that have no consistent woody stem above ground. Herbaceous vegetation may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants die completely at the end of the growing season or when they have got flowered and fruited, and they then develop again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plant life may have stems that die at the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant make it through under or near the bottom from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they rose and perish). New development builds up from living cells left over on or under the bottom, including origins, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at ground level) or various types of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody plants which have stems above ground that remain alive during the dormant season and increase shoots another year from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees, shrubs and vines.
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