Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering crops in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is local to the eastern area of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most species being found in Cape Provinces. Types of the past genus Anomatheca are actually contained in Freesia. The crops often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blooms, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia varieties. Some other species are also grown up as ornamental plants.
These are herbaceous crops which grow from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which sends up a tuft of thin leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm large bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blooms with six tepals. Many varieties have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped plants, although those previously located in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have smooth flowers. Freesias are being used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera kinds including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The crops usually called "freesias" derive from crosses manufactured in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these varieties and the red- and yellow-flowered forms of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blossoms which range from white to yellow, red, red and blue-mauve. They are really mostly cultivated properly in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be quickly increased from seed. Due to their specific and pleasing scent, they are generally used in palm creams, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the flowers are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the fall in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature does not land below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring and coil in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other varieties of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it has flat rather than cup-shaped bouquets. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary solutions to satisfy cool dormancy which results in formation of buds in just a predicted amount of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous vegetation (in botanical use frequently simply natural remedies) are vegetation that contain no continual woody stem above ground. Herbaceous vegetation may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants expire completely at the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, and they then increase again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial vegetation may have stems that pass away at the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant make it through under or near the ground from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they flower and die). New progress advances from living tissue left over on or under the bottom, including root base, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at walk out) or various types of underground stems, such as lights, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial vegetation are woody plant life which have stems above floor that continue to be alive through the dormant season and increase shoots the next 12 months from the above-ground parts - these include trees, shrubs and vines.
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