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Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering vegetation in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is local to the eastern part of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most varieties being within Cape Provinces. Species of the previous genus Anomatheca are now included in Freesia. The crops often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped plants, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia kinds. Some other types are also grown as ornamental vegetation.

They are really herbaceous plants which develop from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which transmits up a tuft of small leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of flowers with six tepals. Many varieties have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped plants, although those previously put in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have toned flowers. Freesias are being used as food crops by the larvae of some Lepidoptera types including Large Yellowish Underwing.

CULTIVATION AND USES

The crops usually called "freesias" derive from crosses manufactured in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these species and the red- and yellow-flowered types of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blossoms ranging from white to yellow, red, red and blue-mauve. They are simply mostly cultivated skillfully in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be immediately increased from seed. Because of the specific and satisfying scent, they are often used in hands creams, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blooms are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the fall season in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature will not land below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the springtime in Areas 4-8.

Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other kinds of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it offers flat somewhat than cup-shaped bouquets. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy cold dormancy which results in creation of buds in just a predicted variety of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).

Herbaceous plant life (in botanical use frequently simply herbal remedies) are plants that have no continual woody stem above floor. Herbaceous plants may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants die completely at the end of the growing season or when they have flowered and fruited, and they then increase again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial crops may have stems that die at the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant endure under or close to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they flower and pass away). New development advances from living cells staying on or under the ground, including roots, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at walk out) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial plants are woody plants that have stems above surface that remain alive through the dormant season and develop shoots another time from the above-ground parts - these include trees, shrubs and vines.

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