Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and named after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is indigenous to the eastern side of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most species being within Cape Provinces. Varieties of the previous genus Anomatheca are actually included in Freesia. The crops often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped flowers, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia varieties. Some other types are also grown up as ornamental plant life.
They are simply herbaceous vegetation which develop from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which sends up a tuft of thin leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm high bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of bouquets with six tepals. Many types have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped plants, although those previously put in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have flat flowers. Freesias are used as food crops by the larvae of some Lepidoptera types including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plant life usually called "freesias" derive from crosses made in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these types and the pink- and yellow-flowered types of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blooms which range from white to yellow, red, red and blue-mauve. They are mostly cultivated expertly in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be immediately increased from seed. Because of the specific and attractive scent, they are generally used in hands creams, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blooms are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the semester in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature does not fall below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other varieties of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it offers flat rather than cup-shaped bouquets. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary solutions to satisfy wintry dormancy which results in creation of buds in just a predicted amount of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plant life (in botanical use frequently simply herbs) are vegetation which may have no continual woody stem above ground. Herbaceous crops may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants pass away completely by the end of the growing season or when they have flowered and fruited, and they then expand again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plants may have stems that pass away at the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant endure under or close to the ground from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they rose and expire). New progress produces from living cells left over on or under the bottom, including root base, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at ground level) or various types of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial plants are woody plant life that have stems above ground that stay alive through the dormant season and develop shoots the next year from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees, shrubs and vines.
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