Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and known as after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is native to the eastern aspect of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most kinds being found in Cape Provinces. Species of the former genus Anomatheca are actually included in Freesia. The crops often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blossoms, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia varieties. Some other types are also grown up as ornamental crops.
They are simply herbaceous crops which expand from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which transmits up a tuft of small leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm high bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of flowers with six tepals. Many species have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped bouquets, although those previously positioned in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have toned flowers. Freesias are being used as food crops by the larvae of some Lepidoptera varieties including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The vegetation usually called "freesias" derive from crosses made in the 19th hundred years between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these species and the pink- and yellow-flowered types of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blooms ranging from white to yellowish, pink, red and blue-mauve. They can be mostly cultivated expertly in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be immediately increased from seed. Because of the specific and attractive scent, they are often used in hands lotions, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the flowers are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the fall season in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature does not fall season below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the planting season in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other kinds of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it includes flat alternatively than cup-shaped blossoms. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy cool dormancy which results in formation of buds within the predicted volume of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plants (in botanical use frequently simply herbs) are crops which have no prolonged woody stem above ground. Herbaceous plant life may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants perish completely at the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, and they then develop again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial vegetation may have stems that pass away by the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant survive under or near to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they rose and expire). New growth advances from living tissue remaining on or under the bottom, including root base, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial plant life are woody plants that have stems above ground that remain alive during the dormant season and expand shoots another yr from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees, shrubs and vines.
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