Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and named after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is native to the eastern area of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most species being found in Cape Provinces. Kinds of the previous genus Anomatheca are now contained in Freesia. The plant life commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blooms, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia types. Some other kinds are also harvested as ornamental vegetation.
They are simply herbaceous vegetation which increase from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which sends up a tuft of thin leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm large bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blooms with six tepals. Many kinds have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped plants, although those previously placed in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have chiseled flowers. Freesias are used as food vegetation by the larvae of some Lepidoptera kinds including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The crops usually called "freesias" derive from crosses made in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these kinds and the green- and yellow-flowered types of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have bouquets ranging from white to yellowish, red, red and blue-mauve. They are simply mostly cultivated appropriately in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be commonly increased from seed. Because of their specific and pleasing scent, they are often used in side creams, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the bouquets are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the fall season in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature does not show up below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring and coil in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other types of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, they have flat rather than cup-shaped blooms. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy cold dormancy which results in development of buds inside a predicted range of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plants (in botanical use frequently simply herbal selections) are plant life that contain no persistent woody stem above surface. Herbaceous plant life may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants perish completely by the end of the growing season or when they have got flowered and fruited, and they then grow again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial vegetation may have stems that die by the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant make it through under or close to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they rose and die). New growth advances from living tissue left over on or under the bottom, including roots, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at ground level) or various types of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody plants which have stems above earth that stay alive through the dormant season and grow shoots another 12 months from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees, shrubs and vines.
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