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Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering crops in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and known as after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It really is native to the eastern area of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most types being found in Cape Provinces. Kinds of the past genus Anomatheca are now contained in Freesia. The plant life commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped flowers, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia kinds. Some other varieties are also produced as ornamental vegetation.

They are simply herbaceous plant life which develop from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which directs up a tuft of narrow leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of plants with six tepals. Many types have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped plants, although those previously located in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have toned flowers. Freesias are being used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera types including Large Yellowish Underwing.

CULTIVATION AND USES

The plant life usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses manufactured in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these types and the pink- and yellow-flowered kinds of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have bouquets which range from white to yellow, pink, red and blue-mauve. They may be mostly cultivated properly in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be conveniently increased from seed. Because of the specific and desirable scent, they are often used in hands lotions, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the plants are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the fall season in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature does not land below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring and coil in Areas 4-8.

Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other species of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, they have flat rather than cup-shaped bouquets. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary solutions to satisfy frigid dormancy which results in development of buds in just a predicted range of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).

Herbaceous plants (in botanical use frequently simply natural herbs) are crops which have no prolonged woody stem above floor. Herbaceous plant life may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants pass away completely at the end of the growing season or when they have flowered and fruited, and they then develop again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plant life may have stems that die at the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant endure under or near to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they rose and expire). New expansion produces from living tissue left over on or under the ground, including roots, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody plant life which have stems above ground that remain alive through the dormant season and develop shoots the next 12 months from the above-ground parts - these include trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.

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