Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plant life in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and known as after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is native to the eastern aspect of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most types being within Cape Provinces. Types of the previous genus Anomatheca are now included in Freesia. The vegetation often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped bouquets, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia varieties. Some other species are also grown as ornamental crops.
They may be herbaceous crops which expand from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which directs up a tuft of thin leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm large bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blooms with six tepals. Many varieties have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blossoms, although those previously placed in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have smooth flowers. Freesias are being used as food crops by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The crops usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses manufactured in the 19th hundred years between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these varieties and the red- and yellow-flowered varieties of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blossoms which range from white to yellowish, green, red and blue-mauve. They are mostly cultivated professionally in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be conveniently increased from seed. Because of the specific and attractive scent, they are generally used in hand products, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the plants are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the land in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature does not show up below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the springtime in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other kinds of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it offers flat rather than cup-shaped bouquets. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy frigid dormancy which results in development of buds in a predicted amount of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous vegetation (in botanical use frequently simply natural remedies) are crops which have no consistent woody stem above floor. Herbaceous plants may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants expire completely by the end of the growing season or when they have got flowered and fruited, and they then develop again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial vegetation may have stems that pass away at the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant endure under or near to the ground from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they bloom and die). New development builds up from living cells staying on or under the bottom, including origins, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at ground level) or various types of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody plant life that have stems above earth that continue to be alive through the dormant season and grow shoots the next season from the above-ground parts - these include trees, shrubs and vines.
Freesia Anomatheca laxa / grandiflora hybrids, pink £4
grandiflora wild iris sydney august 2006 freesia refracta freesia
In the Manning and Goldblatt revision an addendum included a new
Freesia laxa are a roadside weed in Australia
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