Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It really is local to the eastern part of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most types being within Cape Provinces. Varieties of the past genus Anomatheca are now included in Freesia. The crops often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blooms, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia species. Some other varieties are also produced as ornamental vegetation.
They are really herbaceous plants which increase from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which delivers up a tuft of small leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm large bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blooms with six tepals. Many varieties have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped plants, although those formerly positioned in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have toned flowers. Freesias are used as food crops by the larvae of some Lepidoptera kinds including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The vegetation usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses made in the 19th hundred years between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these kinds and the green- and yellow-flowered types of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have flowers which range from white to yellow, green, red and blue-mauve. These are mostly cultivated skillfully in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be easily increased from seed. Because of the specific and attractive scent, they are often used in palm creams, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the plants are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the semester in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature will not fall below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the planting season in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other species of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, they have flat rather than cup-shaped plants. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy cool dormancy which results in creation of buds inside a predicted volume of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plants (in botanical use frequently simply herbal selections) are vegetation which may have no continual woody stem above surface. Herbaceous crops may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants die completely at the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, plus they then expand again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plant life may have stems that pass away by the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant endure under or near the bottom from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they flower and perish). New growth produces from living tissues staying on or under the ground, including origins, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at ground level) or various types of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody plants that have stems above surface that remain alive through the dormant season and expand shoots another yr from the above-ground parts - these include trees, shrubs and vines.
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