Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering crops in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and known as after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It really is indigenous to the eastern side of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most varieties being found in Cape Provinces. Varieties of the past genus Anomatheca are now included in Freesia. The vegetation commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blossoms, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia kinds. Some other types are also cultivated as ornamental vegetation.
These are herbaceous crops which grow from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which sends up a tuft of thin leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm large bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of flowers with six tepals. Many species have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped bouquets, although those previously located in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have flat flowers. Freesias are being used as food vegetation by the larvae of some Lepidoptera kinds including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plant life usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses manufactured in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these types and the green- and yellow-flowered types of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have flowers which range from white to yellowish, green, red and blue-mauve. They are really mostly cultivated appropriately in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be readily increased from seed. Because of the specific and desirable scent, they are often used in hands creams, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blossoms are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the fall season in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature will not fall season below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other species of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it includes flat alternatively than cup-shaped flowers. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary solutions to satisfy frigid dormancy which results in formation of buds within the predicted number of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply natural herbs) are vegetation that have no prolonged woody stem above earth. Herbaceous vegetation may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants expire completely at the end of the growing season or when they have flowered and fruited, plus they then expand again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plant life may have stems that pass away at the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant survive under or close to the ground from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they bloom and die). New growth grows from living cells remaining on or under the bottom, including origins, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody vegetation which have stems above earth that stay alive through the dormant season and grow shoots another time from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.
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