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Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering vegetation in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and named after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It really is indigenous to the eastern side of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most types being found in Cape Provinces. Types of the ex - genus Anomatheca are now contained in Freesia. The crops often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blossoms, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia kinds. Some other kinds are also cultivated as ornamental vegetation.

They are simply herbaceous plant life which develop from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which sends up a tuft of small leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm extra tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of bouquets with six tepals. Many species have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped flowers, although those formerly positioned in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have smooth flowers. Freesias are used as food plant life by the larvae of some Lepidoptera kinds including Large Yellow Underwing.

CULTIVATION AND USES

The plants usually called "freesias" derive from crosses made in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these kinds and the red- and yellow-flowered types of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blossoms which range from white to yellowish, red, red and blue-mauve. They are really mostly cultivated expertly in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be quickly increased from seed. Due to their specific and desirable scent, they are often used in side lotions, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the plants are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the show up in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature will not fall season below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Areas 4-8.

Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other species of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it has flat rather than cup-shaped bouquets. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy cool dormancy which results in formation of buds within a predicted variety of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).

Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply herbs) are crops which may have no consistent woody stem above floor. Herbaceous plant life may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants perish completely at the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, and they then develop again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plants may have stems that pass away at the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant survive under or near to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they rose and perish). New progress produces from living tissues staying on or under the ground, including roots, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as lights, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody plants which have stems above earth that continue to be alive during the dormant season and develop shoots another 12 months from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees, shrubs and vines.

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