Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering crops in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and named after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It really is local to the eastern side of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most varieties being within Cape Provinces. Species of the former genus Anomatheca are now contained in Freesia. The plant life commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped flowers, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia types. Some other species are also expanded as ornamental crops.
These are herbaceous plant life which increase from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which sends up a tuft of narrow leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm high bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of plants with six tepals. Many species have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blooms, although those formerly located in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have flat flowers. Freesias are being used as food crops by the larvae of some Lepidoptera types including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The vegetation usually called "freesias" derive from crosses manufactured in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these kinds and the red- and yellow-flowered kinds of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blooms ranging from white to yellow, red, red and blue-mauve. They are mostly cultivated professionally in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be commonly increased from seed. Because of the specific and attractive scent, they are often used in side lotions, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blooms are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the fall in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature will not show up below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other kinds of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it has flat somewhat than cup-shaped blooms. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary solutions to satisfy cold dormancy which results in formation of buds within the predicted volume of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply natural herbs) are crops that contain no prolonged woody stem above earth. Herbaceous plant life may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants perish completely at the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, and they then grow again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial crops may have stems that pass away by the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant make it through under or near the ground from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they blossom and perish). New growth advances from living tissue left over on or under the ground, including root base, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at ground level) or various types of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody plant life that have stems above floor that remain alive through the dormant season and grow shoots the next yr from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees, shrubs and vines.
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