Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and named after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is indigenous to the eastern part of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most species being found in Cape Provinces. Varieties of the previous genus Anomatheca are actually included in Freesia. The plant life often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blossoms, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia varieties. Some other varieties are also harvested as ornamental plants.
They are really herbaceous plants which increase from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which transmits up a tuft of small leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm large bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blooms with six tepals. Many species have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped flowers, although those previously positioned in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have flat flowers. Freesias are being used as food plant life by the larvae of some Lepidoptera varieties including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The crops usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses made in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these types and the pink- and yellow-flowered varieties of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blooms ranging from white to yellowish, red, red and blue-mauve. They can be mostly cultivated professionally in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be conveniently increased from seed. Due to their specific and pleasing scent, they are often used in side creams, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the bouquets are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the street to redemption in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature will not show up below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other types of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it offers flat rather than cup-shaped blooms. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy frosty dormancy which results in development of buds within the predicted variety of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plants (in botanical use frequently simply herbal products) are plant life that contain no persistent woody stem above surface. Herbaceous vegetation may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants perish completely by the end of the growing season or when they have flowered and fruited, and they then grow again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plants may have stems that die by the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant make it through under or near to the ground from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they bloom and expire). New development advances from living tissue left over on or under the ground, including root base, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial plants are woody vegetation which have stems above floor that remain alive during the dormant season and develop shoots another season from the above-ground parts - these include trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.
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