Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is local to the eastern aspect of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most types being found in Cape Provinces. Species of the past genus Anomatheca are actually contained in Freesia. The crops often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blooms, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia kinds. Some other types are also grown as ornamental plant life.
These are herbaceous crops which grow from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which transmits up a tuft of small leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of bouquets with six tepals. Many types have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blooms, although those previously put in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have even flowers. Freesias are being used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera types including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plants usually called "freesias" derive from crosses manufactured in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these varieties and the red- and yellow-flowered forms of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have plants ranging from white to yellow, green, red and blue-mauve. They may be mostly cultivated professionally in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be quickly increased from seed. Because of their specific and satisfying scent, they are often used in hand lotions, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blooms are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the fall season in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature will not land below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the planting season in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other kinds of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it offers flat rather than cup-shaped blossoms. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary solutions to satisfy wintry dormancy which results in formation of buds in just a predicted number of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply natural herbs) are plant life which have no prolonged woody stem above earth. Herbaceous vegetation may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants pass away completely at the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, and they then grow again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial vegetation may have stems that pass away by the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant make it through under or near the ground from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they rose and pass away). New progress grows from living cells left over on or under the bottom, including root base, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at walk out) or various types of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial vegetation are woody crops that have stems above earth that continue to be alive through the dormant season and expand shoots the next time from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.
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