Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering crops in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and known as after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is native to the eastern area of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most varieties being found in Cape Provinces. Species of the former genus Anomatheca are actually included in Freesia. The crops often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped bouquets, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia species. Some other species are also produced as ornamental plants.
They may be herbaceous vegetation which grow from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which delivers up a tuft of slim leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm large bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blossoms with six tepals. Many species have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped flowers, although those previously located in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have toned flowers. Freesias are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera varieties including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plants usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses manufactured in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these species and the red- and yellow-flowered types of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have plants which range from white to yellow, red, red and blue-mauve. They can be mostly cultivated professionally in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be immediately increased from seed. Due to their specific and pleasing scent, they are often used in hand lotions, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blooms are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the land in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature does not fall below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the planting season in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other varieties of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, they have flat rather than cup-shaped blooms. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the lights in proprietary solutions to satisfy chilly dormancy which results in development of buds within a predicted number of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plant life (in botanical use frequently simply herbs) are plants which have no continual woody stem above floor. Herbaceous crops may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants perish completely at the end of the growing season or when they have got flowered and fruited, plus they then grow again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial vegetation may have stems that die by the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant endure under or near to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they flower and pass away). New growth develops from living tissues staying on or under the ground, including root base, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at walk out) or various types of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial plant life are woody crops which have stems above floor that continue to be alive through the dormant season and increase shoots the next season from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees, shrubs and vines.
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