Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and known as after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is indigenous to the eastern part of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most kinds being within Cape Provinces. Species of the former genus Anomatheca are actually contained in Freesia. The vegetation commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped bouquets, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia varieties. Some other types are also harvested as ornamental vegetation.
These are herbaceous plants which develop from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which transmits up a tuft of thin leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm large bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of bouquets with six tepals. Many kinds have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blooms, although those previously positioned in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have smooth flowers. Freesias are being used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera types including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The crops usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses manufactured in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these kinds and the green- and yellow-flowered varieties of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blossoms ranging from white to yellowish, pink, red and blue-mauve. They can be mostly cultivated properly in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be readily increased from seed. Because of the specific and pleasing scent, they are often used in palm lotions, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the plants are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the fall in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature does not show up below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other species of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it includes flat alternatively than cup-shaped blooms. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy frigid dormancy which results in creation of buds within a predicted number of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply herbs) are plant life that contain no persistent woody stem above ground. Herbaceous crops may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants die completely by the end of the growing season or when they have got flowered and fruited, and they then develop again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial vegetation may have stems that die at the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant endure under or near to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they blossom and expire). New progress advances from living tissues left over on or under the ground, including origins, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial vegetation are woody vegetation that have stems above earth that stay alive through the dormant season and increase shoots another calendar year from the above-ground parts - these include trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.
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