Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering crops in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is indigenous to the eastern aspect of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most species being within Cape Provinces. Species of the former genus Anomatheca are now contained in Freesia. The plant life commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped plants, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia types. Some other kinds are also produced as ornamental plants.
They are really herbaceous vegetation which increase from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which delivers up a tuft of slim leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm large bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of plants with six tepals. Many varieties have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped plants, although those previously placed in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have smooth flowers. Freesias are being used as food vegetation by the larvae of some Lepidoptera kinds including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The crops usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses manufactured in the 19th hundred years between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these types and the red- and yellow-flowered kinds of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have bouquets ranging from white to yellow, red, red and blue-mauve. These are mostly cultivated professionally in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be conveniently increased from seed. Because of their specific and attractive scent, they are often used in palm products, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blooms are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the fall season in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature will not show up below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring and coil in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other types of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it offers flat somewhat than cup-shaped blooms. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary solutions to satisfy cool dormancy which results in creation of buds inside a predicted number of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply herbal remedies) are plants which may have no consistent woody stem above earth. Herbaceous plant life may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants perish completely by the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, and they then expand again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial crops may have stems that die at the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant make it through under or near to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they bloom and expire). New growth grows from living tissues remaining on or under the ground, including root base, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial vegetation are woody crops that have stems above surface that stay alive through the dormant season and increase shoots another year from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees, shrubs and vines.
Freesia フリージア Volume 1: Jiro Matsumoto
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