Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and named after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is native to the eastern side of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most kinds being found in Cape Provinces. Kinds of the former genus Anomatheca are now contained in Freesia. The plant life often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped flowers, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia species. Some other varieties are also grown up as ornamental crops.
These are herbaceous plants which increase from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which delivers up a tuft of slim leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blooms with six tepals. Many varieties have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blooms, although those previously positioned in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have chiseled flowers. Freesias are used as food vegetation by the larvae of some Lepidoptera varieties including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The crops usually called "freesias" derive from crosses made in the 19th hundred years between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these types and the pink- and yellow-flowered forms of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have bouquets ranging from white to yellowish, green, red and blue-mauve. They are mostly cultivated appropriately in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be easily increased from seed. Due to their specific and pleasing scent, they are often used in hand ointments, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the plants are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the show up in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature will not land below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the planting season in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other types of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, they have flat rather than cup-shaped blooms. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the lights in proprietary methods to satisfy wintry dormancy which results in development of buds inside a predicted range of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply herbs) are plants that contain no consistent woody stem above ground. Herbaceous crops may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants die completely by the end of the growing season or when they have got flowered and fruited, plus they then develop again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plants may have stems that die by the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant endure under or near to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they flower and perish). New development builds up from living tissue remaining on or under the bottom, including roots, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at ground level) or various types of underground stems, such as lights, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial vegetation are woody vegetation that have stems above earth that continue to be alive through the dormant season and increase shoots another time from the above-ground parts - these include trees, shrubs and vines.
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