Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and known as after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is native to the eastern area of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most kinds being found in Cape Provinces. Types of the past genus Anomatheca are now included in Freesia. The plant life often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped flowers, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia types. Some other varieties are also produced as ornamental crops.
They may be herbaceous plants which grow from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which delivers up a tuft of slim leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm high bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blooms with six tepals. Many types have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blooms, although those formerly located in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have level flowers. Freesias are used as food crops by the larvae of some Lepidoptera kinds including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The crops usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses manufactured in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these kinds and the pink- and yellow-flowered varieties of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blossoms ranging from white to yellow, pink, red and blue-mauve. These are mostly cultivated appropriately in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be conveniently increased from seed. Because of their specific and attractive scent, they are generally used in palm products, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the plants are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the street to redemption in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature will not fall below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the springtime in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other kinds of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it offers flat rather than cup-shaped plants. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy cold dormancy which results in creation of buds within a predicted range of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plants (in botanical use frequently simply herbal remedies) are vegetation which may have no continual woody stem above earth. Herbaceous plants may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants die completely at the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, and they then expand again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plants may have stems that die at the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant make it through under or close to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they flower and die). New expansion produces from living tissues remaining on or under the ground, including roots, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at walk out) or various types of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody plant life which have stems above earth that stay alive during the dormant season and expand shoots the next time from the above-ground parts - these include trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.
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