Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plant life in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is local to the eastern aspect of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most species being within Cape Provinces. Kinds of the previous genus Anomatheca are now contained in Freesia. The vegetation commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped flowers, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia varieties. Some other kinds are also harvested as ornamental plants.
These are herbaceous vegetation which expand from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which directs up a tuft of thin leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm large bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of bouquets with six tepals. Many kinds have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blossoms, although those previously placed in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have level flowers. Freesias are being used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera kinds including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plants usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses manufactured in the 19th hundred years between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these kinds and the green- and yellow-flowered varieties of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blossoms ranging from white to yellowish, green, red and blue-mauve. These are mostly cultivated appropriately in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be quickly increased from seed. Due to their specific and attractive scent, they are often used in side products, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the plants are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the fall in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature does not fall below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the planting season in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other species of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it offers flat alternatively than cup-shaped bouquets. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the lights in proprietary solutions to satisfy cool dormancy which results in development of buds within the predicted quantity of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply herbs) are vegetation that contain no persistent woody stem above surface. Herbaceous vegetation may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants pass away completely at the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, plus they then expand again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plants may have stems that die by the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant make it through under or near to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they blossom and perish). New expansion evolves from living tissue remaining on or under the ground, including origins, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody vegetation which have stems above surface that remain alive through the dormant season and increase shoots another 12 months from the above-ground parts - these include trees, shrubs and vines.
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