Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and named after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is native to the eastern area of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most species being found in Cape Provinces. Types of the past genus Anomatheca are now included in Freesia. The vegetation often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped plants, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia varieties. Some other varieties are also expanded as ornamental crops.
They are simply herbaceous crops which increase from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which directs up a tuft of thin leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blooms with six tepals. Many varieties have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped plants, although those previously put in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have flat flowers. Freesias are being used as food vegetation by the larvae of some Lepidoptera types including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plants usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses manufactured in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these varieties and the red- and yellow-flowered types of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have flowers ranging from white to yellowish, green, red and blue-mauve. They can be mostly cultivated skillfully in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be easily increased from seed. Because of their specific and attractive scent, they are often used in hands lotions, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the flowers are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the land in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature will not show up below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the planting season in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other species of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it includes flat alternatively than cup-shaped blossoms. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy frigid dormancy which results in creation of buds inside a predicted number of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plants (in botanical use frequently simply herbs) are plant life that contain no prolonged woody stem above ground. Herbaceous vegetation may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants perish completely at the end of the growing season or when they have flowered and fruited, plus they then expand again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plants may have stems that die at the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant endure under or near to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they blossom and die). New development builds up from living tissues remaining on or under the ground, including origins, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at ground level) or various types of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody plants which have stems above earth that stay alive through the dormant season and grow shoots another calendar year from the above-ground parts - these include trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.
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