Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It really is indigenous to the eastern side of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most species being found in Cape Provinces. Types of the former genus Anomatheca are now included in Freesia. The vegetation often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blooms, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia varieties. Some other types are also harvested as ornamental vegetation.
They are herbaceous plants which develop from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which sends up a tuft of narrow leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm extra tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blossoms with six tepals. Many species have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blooms, although those previously put in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have flat flowers. Freesias are used as food vegetation by the larvae of some Lepidoptera types including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plant life usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses manufactured in the 19th hundred years between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these species and the red- and yellow-flowered varieties of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have plants which range from white to yellow, pink, red and blue-mauve. They are really mostly cultivated expertly in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be immediately increased from seed. Because of the specific and pleasing scent, they are often used in palm lotions, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the plants are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the fall in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature does not land below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring and coil in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other varieties of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it offers flat rather than cup-shaped flowers. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy cold dormancy which results in formation of buds inside a predicted variety of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous vegetation (in botanical use frequently simply natural herbs) are plants that contain no consistent woody stem above floor. Herbaceous plant life may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants die completely at the end of the growing season or when they have got flowered and fruited, plus they then increase again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial vegetation may have stems that die by the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant survive under or near the ground from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they flower and expire). New expansion evolves from living tissues left over on or under the bottom, including root base, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at walk out) or various types of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial plants are woody plants that have stems above earth that stay alive during the dormant season and develop shoots another time from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees, shrubs and vines.
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