Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering crops in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is native to the eastern part of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most types being found in Cape Provinces. Kinds of the former genus Anomatheca are now contained in Freesia. The plants commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blossoms, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia kinds. Some other kinds are also grown up as ornamental vegetation.
They are really herbaceous vegetation which expand from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which delivers up a tuft of thin leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm large bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of bouquets with six tepals. Many species have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blossoms, although those previously located in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have smooth flowers. Freesias are used as food vegetation by the larvae of some Lepidoptera types including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The crops usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses made in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these varieties and the red- and yellow-flowered varieties of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have flowers ranging from white to yellowish, red, red and blue-mauve. These are mostly cultivated appropriately in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be commonly increased from seed. Due to their specific and desirable scent, they are generally used in side ointments, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blossoms are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the semester in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature does not fall below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring and coil in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other varieties of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it offers flat rather than cup-shaped plants. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the lights in proprietary solutions to satisfy frosty dormancy which results in development of buds in just a predicted quantity of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plants (in botanical use frequently simply herbal selections) are crops that contain no consistent woody stem above ground. Herbaceous plants may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants pass away completely at the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, plus they then develop again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial vegetation may have stems that die by the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant survive under or near to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they blossom and expire). New progress advances from living tissue staying on or under the bottom, including roots, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as lights, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody plants that have stems above surface that stay alive through the dormant season and grow shoots another calendar year from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.
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