Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering crops in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is indigenous to the eastern side of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most kinds being found in Cape Provinces. Kinds of the former genus Anomatheca are now included in Freesia. The vegetation commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped bouquets, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia types. Some other kinds are also produced as ornamental plants.
They may be herbaceous crops which increase from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which directs up a tuft of narrow leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blossoms with six tepals. Many varieties have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blooms, although those formerly located in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have level flowers. Freesias are used as food crops by the larvae of some Lepidoptera types including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plants usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses made in the 19th hundred years between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these varieties and the green- and yellow-flowered forms of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have plants ranging from white to yellowish, green, red and blue-mauve. They are mostly cultivated professionally in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be conveniently increased from seed. Due to their specific and satisfying scent, they are often used in side creams, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blooms are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the fall in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature does not land below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other types of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it includes flat alternatively than cup-shaped flowers. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary solutions to satisfy chilly dormancy which results in development of buds in just a predicted amount of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plants (in botanical use frequently simply natural herbs) are vegetation that have no persistent woody stem above surface. Herbaceous plants may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants pass away completely by the end of the growing season or when they have flowered and fruited, and they then increase again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plants may have stems that die by the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant endure under or close to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they rose and die). New development evolves from living tissue left over on or under the ground, including root base, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at walk out) or various types of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial plants are woody plant life that have stems above floor that stay alive through the dormant season and increase shoots another calendar year from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees, shrubs and vines.
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