Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plant life in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is local to the eastern part of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most varieties being found in Cape Provinces. Species of the past genus Anomatheca are now contained in Freesia. The vegetation commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped flowers, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia varieties. Some other types are also cultivated as ornamental plants.
They can be herbaceous plants which increase from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which directs up a tuft of narrow leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blossoms with six tepals. Many types have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blossoms, although those formerly put in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have even flowers. Freesias are used as food crops by the larvae of some Lepidoptera types including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The crops usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses made in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these varieties and the pink- and yellow-flowered forms of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have bouquets which range from white to yellowish, pink, red and blue-mauve. They are mostly cultivated skillfully in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be immediately increased from seed. Because of the specific and satisfying scent, they are generally used in hand ointments, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the bouquets are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the land in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature does not land below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other varieties of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it has flat rather than cup-shaped blooms. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the lights in proprietary methods to satisfy cold dormancy which results in formation of buds inside a predicted variety of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plant life (in botanical use frequently simply herbal products) are vegetation that have no continual woody stem above earth. Herbaceous plant life may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants perish completely at the end of the growing season or when they have got flowered and fruited, plus they then grow again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plants may have stems that die by the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant make it through under or near to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they blossom and expire). New growth evolves from living tissue left over on or under the bottom, including roots, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial plants are woody vegetation that have stems above floor that remain alive through the dormant season and expand shoots the next calendar year from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees, shrubs and vines.
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