Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering crops in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and known as after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is indigenous to the eastern side of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most varieties being within Cape Provinces. Types of the previous genus Anomatheca are actually included in Freesia. The vegetation commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blooms, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia kinds. Some other varieties are also cultivated as ornamental vegetation.
They can be herbaceous plant life which expand from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which sends up a tuft of small leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm extra tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blossoms with six tepals. Many species have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blooms, although those formerly put in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have level flowers. Freesias are being used as food crops by the larvae of some Lepidoptera types including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plants usually called "freesias" derive from crosses manufactured in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these species and the green- and yellow-flowered kinds of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blooms ranging from white to yellowish, red, red and blue-mauve. They are mostly cultivated appropriately in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be conveniently increased from seed. Because of the specific and desirable scent, they are often used in side lotions, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the plants are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the land in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature will not land below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other varieties of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it includes flat rather than cup-shaped bouquets. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the lights in proprietary methods to satisfy cool dormancy which results in development of buds within a predicted quantity of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plants (in botanical use frequently simply herbal selections) are plant life that contain no continual woody stem above ground. Herbaceous crops may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants die completely by the end of the growing season or when they have flowered and fruited, plus they then develop again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial vegetation may have stems that pass away by the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant endure under or near to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they rose and perish). New progress builds up from living cells remaining on or under the ground, including root base, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at ground level) or various types of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial plants are woody crops that have stems above ground that remain alive through the dormant season and grow shoots the next calendar year from the above-ground parts - these include trees, shrubs and vines.
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