Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and known as after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is indigenous to the eastern part of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most varieties being within Cape Provinces. Kinds of the ex - genus Anomatheca are now contained in Freesia. The crops often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped plants, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia species. Some other species are also grown as ornamental plants.
These are herbaceous vegetation which develop from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which transmits up a tuft of thin leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm high bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of flowers with six tepals. Many types have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped flowers, although those previously put in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have level flowers. Freesias are being used as food vegetation by the larvae of some Lepidoptera types including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The vegetation usually called "freesias" derive from crosses made in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these species and the pink- and yellow-flowered types of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blooms ranging from white to yellow, green, red and blue-mauve. These are mostly cultivated skillfully in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be readily increased from seed. Due to their specific and satisfying scent, they are generally used in hands products, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blossoms are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the land in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature will not show up below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the springtime in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other varieties of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it has flat rather than cup-shaped plants. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy chilly dormancy which results in creation of buds in just a predicted number of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous vegetation (in botanical use frequently simply herbal products) are vegetation that contain no persistent woody stem above ground. Herbaceous plants may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants pass away completely by the end of the growing season or when they have flowered and fruited, and they then grow again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial vegetation may have stems that die by the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant make it through under or near to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they blossom and expire). New expansion advances from living tissue remaining on or under the ground, including root base, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at walk out) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial vegetation are woody plant life which have stems above earth that continue to be alive during the dormant season and increase shoots the next calendar year from the above-ground parts - these include trees, shrubs and vines.
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