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Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and named after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is indigenous to the eastern side of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most kinds being within Cape Provinces. Kinds of the ex - genus Anomatheca are actually contained in Freesia. The plants often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped plants, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia species. Some other species are also cultivated as ornamental plant life.

They are really herbaceous plant life which develop from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which sends up a tuft of small leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm extra tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blooms with six tepals. Many types have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped bouquets, although those formerly positioned in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have chiseled flowers. Freesias are being used as food plant life by the larvae of some Lepidoptera types including Large Yellow Underwing.

CULTIVATION AND USES

The crops usually called "freesias" derive from crosses made in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these types and the pink- and yellow-flowered varieties of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have bouquets which range from white to yellow, green, red and blue-mauve. They can be mostly cultivated professionally in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be commonly increased from seed. Due to their specific and attractive scent, they are generally used in hands products, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blossoms are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the fall in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature will not fall below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring and coil in Zones 4-8.

Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other varieties of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it has flat rather than cup-shaped bouquets. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy cool dormancy which results in creation of buds in a predicted quantity of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).

Herbaceous plant life (in botanical use frequently simply herbal selections) are vegetation which may have no persistent woody stem above ground. Herbaceous plant life may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants expire completely at the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, and they then develop again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial vegetation may have stems that die at the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant survive under or near to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they bloom and pass away). New progress develops from living tissues staying on or under the ground, including roots, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at walk out) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial vegetation are woody plants that have stems above floor that stay alive during the dormant season and grow shoots another 12 months from the above-ground parts - these include trees, shrubs and vines.

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