Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering crops in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and known as after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is indigenous to the eastern area of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most kinds being within Cape Provinces. Varieties of the past genus Anomatheca are now contained in Freesia. The plant life commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped flowers, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia varieties. Some other varieties are also grown up as ornamental plant life.
They may be herbaceous plants which increase from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which directs up a tuft of thin leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm extra tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of plants with six tepals. Many species have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blossoms, although those formerly placed in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have toned flowers. Freesias are being used as food plant life by the larvae of some Lepidoptera kinds including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The vegetation usually called "freesias" derive from crosses made in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these kinds and the pink- and yellow-flowered varieties of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blossoms which range from white to yellow, red, red and blue-mauve. These are mostly cultivated skillfully in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be quickly increased from seed. Due to their specific and satisfying scent, they are often used in hand creams, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blossoms are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the land in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature does not fall below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other types of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it has flat somewhat than cup-shaped flowers. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the lights in proprietary methods to satisfy wintry dormancy which results in formation of buds in a predicted range of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plants (in botanical use frequently simply herbal remedies) are crops that contain no prolonged woody stem above earth. Herbaceous plant life may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants die completely at the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, plus they then develop again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial vegetation may have stems that die by the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant endure under or near to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they rose and die). New development grows from living tissues remaining on or under the bottom, including root base, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at walk out) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial plants are woody crops that have stems above ground that remain alive through the dormant season and grow shoots another season from the above-ground parts - these include trees, shrubs and vines.
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