Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and known as after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is indigenous to the eastern aspect of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most types being found in Cape Provinces. Types of the former genus Anomatheca are now contained in Freesia. The crops often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped bouquets, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia varieties. Some other types are also expanded as ornamental vegetation.
They are simply herbaceous crops which grow from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which delivers up a tuft of thin leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm extra tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of flowers with six tepals. Many varieties have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped flowers, although those previously positioned in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have smooth flowers. Freesias are being used as food plant life by the larvae of some Lepidoptera varieties including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plant life usually called "freesias" derive from crosses manufactured in the 19th hundred years between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these types and the green- and yellow-flowered forms of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have plants ranging from white to yellow, red, red and blue-mauve. They may be mostly cultivated skillfully in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be easily increased from seed. Because of their specific and desirable scent, they are often used in palm creams, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the flowers are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the fall season in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature does not land below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other species of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it has flat rather than cup-shaped flowers. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the lights in proprietary methods to satisfy cold dormancy which results in creation of buds within the predicted quantity of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plants (in botanical use frequently simply herbs) are crops which have no prolonged woody stem above floor. Herbaceous plants may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants pass away completely at the end of the growing season or when they have got flowered and fruited, plus they then expand again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plant life may have stems that die by the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant survive under or near the ground from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they blossom and perish). New expansion produces from living cells left over on or under the ground, including root base, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as lights, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial plants are woody crops that have stems above ground that remain alive during the dormant season and grow shoots the next season from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees, shrubs and vines.
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