Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering vegetation in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is local to the eastern side of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most types being found in Cape Provinces. Varieties of the past genus Anomatheca are now included in Freesia. The crops often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped flowers, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia varieties. Some other species are also cultivated as ornamental crops.
They may be herbaceous vegetation which grow from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which sends up a tuft of small leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of bouquets with six tepals. Many types have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blooms, although those formerly located in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have smooth flowers. Freesias are being used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera varieties including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plants usually called "freesias" derive from crosses manufactured in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these species and the green- and yellow-flowered forms of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blooms ranging from white to yellow, red, red and blue-mauve. These are mostly cultivated professionally in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be readily increased from seed. Due to their specific and satisfying scent, they are often used in hands products, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the flowers are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the street to redemption in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature does not fall below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the planting season in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other kinds of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it offers flat alternatively than cup-shaped plants. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the lights in proprietary methods to satisfy frosty dormancy which results in creation of buds in just a predicted number of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply natural herbs) are plant life that have no consistent woody stem above surface. Herbaceous crops may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants expire completely by the end of the growing season or when they have flowered and fruited, plus they then increase again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plants may have stems that pass away by the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant survive under or near to the ground from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they bloom and pass away). New growth builds up from living tissues left over on or under the ground, including root base, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at walk out) or various types of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial vegetation are woody plants which have stems above earth that continue to be alive through the dormant season and grow shoots the next year from the above-ground parts - these include trees, shrubs and vines.
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