Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is native to the eastern area of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most species being within Cape Provinces. Species of the ex - genus Anomatheca are now contained in Freesia. The crops commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped bouquets, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia varieties. Some other types are also grown up as ornamental plant life.
They are really herbaceous crops which increase from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which transmits up a tuft of thin leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm high bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of bouquets with six tepals. Many species have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped bouquets, although those previously positioned in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have flat flowers. Freesias are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera kinds including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plants usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses made in the 19th hundred years between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these species and the red- and yellow-flowered varieties of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have plants ranging from white to yellow, pink, red and blue-mauve. They are mostly cultivated professionally in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be conveniently increased from seed. Because of the specific and pleasing scent, they are generally used in palm lotions, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the bouquets are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the fall in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature will not show up below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other species of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it includes flat rather than cup-shaped plants. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary solutions to satisfy cool dormancy which results in creation of buds within the predicted variety of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plant life (in botanical use frequently simply herbs) are plant life which have no consistent woody stem above floor. Herbaceous crops may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants die completely by the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, and they then increase again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plant life may have stems that die by the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant survive under or close to the ground from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they blossom and expire). New growth builds up from living tissues remaining on or under the bottom, including roots, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at walk out) or various types of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial plant life are woody plants which have stems above ground that remain alive during the dormant season and expand shoots another time from the above-ground parts - these include trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.
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