Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plant life in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and named after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is indigenous to the eastern side of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most species being within Cape Provinces. Kinds of the former genus Anomatheca are now included in Freesia. The plant life commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped bouquets, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia kinds. Some other species are also harvested as ornamental crops.
They may be herbaceous plants which increase from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which sends up a tuft of slim leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of plants with six tepals. Many types have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blooms, although those formerly located in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have chiseled flowers. Freesias are used as food plant life by the larvae of some Lepidoptera types including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The vegetation usually called "freesias" derive from crosses manufactured in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these types and the red- and yellow-flowered kinds of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have flowers ranging from white to yellow, green, red and blue-mauve. They can be mostly cultivated skillfully in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be conveniently increased from seed. Because of the specific and pleasing scent, they are often used in palm lotions, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the flowers are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the show up in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature will not land below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the springtime in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other species of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it offers flat rather than cup-shaped flowers. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary solutions to satisfy cold dormancy which results in formation of buds within the predicted range of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply herbal selections) are crops that have no consistent woody stem above earth. Herbaceous plant life may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants pass away completely by the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, plus they then expand again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plant life may have stems that die by the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant survive under or near to the ground from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they rose and perish). New growth evolves from living cells left over on or under the ground, including roots, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at walk out) or various types of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial plant life are woody crops that have stems above floor that stay alive during the dormant season and increase shoots the next time from the above-ground parts - these include trees, shrubs and vines.
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