Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering vegetation in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and known as after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is local to the eastern area of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most species being found in Cape Provinces. Kinds of the past genus Anomatheca are now contained in Freesia. The plants often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blossoms, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia varieties. Some other varieties are also cultivated as ornamental crops.
They may be herbaceous crops which grow from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which sends up a tuft of narrow leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm extra tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blooms with six tepals. Many species have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped flowers, although those previously positioned in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have even flowers. Freesias are being used as food crops by the larvae of some Lepidoptera types including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plants usually called "freesias" derive from crosses made in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these varieties and the red- and yellow-flowered varieties of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blossoms ranging from white to yellowish, red, red and blue-mauve. They may be mostly cultivated skillfully in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be readily increased from seed. Because of their specific and pleasing scent, they are generally used in palm creams, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blooms are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the land in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature will not fall season below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring and coil in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other kinds of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it includes flat alternatively than cup-shaped bouquets. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary solutions to satisfy cool dormancy which results in development of buds in just a predicted quantity of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply herbal products) are crops that have no persistent woody stem above surface. Herbaceous plants may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants perish completely by the end of the growing season or when they have got flowered and fruited, plus they then increase again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial vegetation may have stems that die at the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant survive under or near the ground from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they rose and perish). New expansion advances from living tissues left over on or under the bottom, including origins, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at ground level) or various types of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial plants are woody crops which have stems above earth that remain alive through the dormant season and grow shoots another year from the above-ground parts - these include trees, shrubs and vines.
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